DOI：doi.org/10.1038/s41588-023-01302-4

期刊名称：《Nature Genetics》

链接：https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-023-01302-4

作者：Haidong Yan^1,4,8+, Min Sun¹⁺, Zhongren Zhang³⁺, Yarong Jin¹⁺, Ailing Zhang¹, Chuang Lin¹, Bingchao Wu¹, Min He², Bin Xu⁵, Jing Wang⁶, Peng Qin⁷, John Pablo Mendieta⁸, Gang Nie¹, Jianping Wang⁹, Chris S. Jones¹⁰, Guangyan Feng¹, Rakesh K Srivastava¹¹, Xinquan Zhang¹, Aureliano Bombarely¹², Dan Luo1, Long Jin¹³, Yuanying Peng¹⁴, XiaoShan Wang¹, Yang Ji¹⁵, Shilin Tian^3,16*, Linkai Huang^1,2*

Abstract：Pearl millet is an important cereal crop worldwide and shows superior heat tolerance. Here, we developed a graph-based pan-genome by assembling ten chromosomal genomes with one existing assembly adapted to different climates worldwide and captured 424,085 genomic structural variations (SVs). Comparative genomics and transcriptomics analyses revealed the expansion of the RWP-RK transcription factor family and the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-related genes in heat tolerance. The overexpression of one RWP-RK gene led to enhanced plant heat tolerance and transactivated ER-related genes quickly, supporting the important roles of RWP-RK transcription factors and ER system in heat tolerance. Furthermore, we found that some SVs affected the gene expression associated with heat tolerance and SVs surrounding ER-related genes shaped adaptation to heat tolerance during domestication in the population. Our study provides a comprehensive genomic resource revealing insights into heat tolerance and laying a foundation for generating more robust crops under the changing climate.