DOI：doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10145-0

发表期刊：BMC Genomics

链接：https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10145-0

作者：Guangyan Feng, Yongjuan Jiao, Huizhen Ma, Haoyang Bian, Gang Nie, Linkai Huang, Zheni Xie, Qifan Ran, Wenwen Fan, Wei He* and Xinquan Zhang*

Abstract

BackgroundOrchardgrass (Dactylis glomerataL.), a perennial forage, has the advantages of rich leaves, high yield, and good quality and is one of the most significant forage for grassland animal husbandry and ecological manage- ment in southwest China. Mitochondrial (mt) genome is one of the major genetic systems in plants. Studying the mt genome of the genus Dactylis could provide more genetic information in addition to the nuclear genome project of the genus.

Results In this study, we sequenced and assembled two mitochondrial genomes of Dactylis species of D.glomerata(597, 281 bp) and D. aschersoniana (613, 769 bp), based on a combination of PacBio and Illumina. The gene content in the mitochondrial genome of D.aschersoniana is almost identical to the mitochondrial genome of D. glomerata, which contains 22-23 protein-coding genes(PCGs), 8 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and 30 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), while D. glomerata lacks the gene encoding the Ribosomal protein (rps1) and D. aschersoniana contains one pseudo gene(atp8). Twenty-three introns were found among eight of the 30 protein-coding genes, and introns of three genes (nad1, nad2, and nad5) were trans-spliced in Dactylis aschersoniana. Further, our mitochondrial genome characteristics investigation of the genus Dactylis included codon usage, sequences repeats, RNA editing and selective pressure. The results showed that a large number of short repetitive sequences existed in the mitochondrial genome of D. aschersoniana, the size variation of two mitochondrial genomes is due largely to the presence of a large number of short repetitive sequences. We also identifed 52-53 large fragments that were transferred from the chloroplast genome to the mitochondrial genome, and found that the similarity was more than 70%. ML and Bl methods used in phylogenetic analysis revealed that the evolutionary status of the genus Dactylis.

Conclusions Thus, this study reveals the signifcant rearrangements in the mt genomes of Pooideae species. The sequenced Dactylis mt genome can provide more genetic information and improve our evolutionary understanding of the mt genomes of gramineous plants.

Keywords

Mitochondrial genome, RNA editing sites, RepetitiveDNA, Comparative analysis, DNA transfer, Phylogeny